Wilderness versus Civilization

Since the time of the first colonizers that set foot in America, there have been great debates regarding the preservation of the Wilderness or the promotion of Civilization. For as far as common sense thinking would be concerned, it is quite impossible for these two to exist at the same place and at the same time. As could be seen in the essay â€Å"Of Plymouth Plantation†, one could see what a civilization or the introduction of civilization has brought to the people. If one would follow the story, as civilization was brought from England to the Wilderness of America, there have been wars and competition, along with conflicts of intentions. In this regard, it would not be a good idea to establish civilizations in areas were people have already created their own native traditions. The imposition of a civilization to another would most likely cause chaos. There have also been wide arrays of bloodshed, deception and trickery. Nevertheless, if the civilization was not introduced there would be no America today. The introduction of civilization has led primitive America settlements become more organize and modernized.   The introduction of weapons, as shown in the Plymouth story have improved the hunting skills of Indians and increased their defense. However, it has resulted to more trees being burned and more animals being killed, meaning, the destruction of the wilderness. In light of this, I would like to create a study that would focused on which of the two, between wilderness and civilization, weighs more and must be preserved or supported. As could blatantly be seen, on the story â€Å"Of Plymouth Plantation†, there is a conflict of whether it would be better to leave the forest and tickets as it is with its Indian people or to pursue the goal of introducing a civilization in the area. I would like to study the literary history behind the decision made by the governor of Plymouth not to help the England colonizer nevertheless they have go against the natives who are little by little learning the knowledge and technology that was present during their time. I would also try to locate other conflicts in the story that have affected touch the wilderness versus civilization issue. It could have been the political understatement that could be seen to reflect the different intentions behind the issue. This study is worth of consideration since it would help determine which facet of society one should support. It would also help determine what are the merits and demerits of a civilization and wilderness with respect to the actions and reactions done by the people in Plymouth. At the end of this study, readers would become fully aware if the conflict of wilderness and civilization in the story should be resolved as a political, economical issue or an issue of personal gain. Since the story was about why America would want to go against or become independent from the rule of England, the section regarding the pursuit of belonging and introducing the â€Å"English civilization† is also one aspect that must be looked upon. The author of the story might have believed that introducing an English type of Civilization along with its renowned religion might only damaged the wilderness and the consciousness of the relationships of the people in the new country. Works Cited Oelschlaeger, M. (1992).The Wilderness Condition: Essays On Environment And Civilization. Island Press. Davis, W. C. (1995). A Way Through the Wilderness. Harpercollins. Kowalewski, D. (2000). Deep Power: The Political Ecology of Wilderness and Civilization. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated. Chapple, C. (1994). Ecological Prospects: Scientific, Religious, and Aesthetic Perspectives. SUNY Press. London, J. (2002). The Call of the Wild. Spark Publishing Group.            

Persuasive Speech About K12 Essay

â€Å"Education is a companion which no misfortune can depress, no crime can destroy, no enemy can alienate, and no despotism can enslave†, a famous quotation from the writer, Joseph Addison. In Filipino sayings, it would be described as something that can never be stolen from you. The K12 system of education is popularly used in the United States, Australia and Canada, it was recently initiated by the Aquino administration to be adapted in the Philippines. Since it denotes prolonging the education of students by two years, would it really be beneficial or unhelpful to a Filipino student? We all know that life is hard and public or private education is costly for parents. However looking past the financial aspects of a student’s education, the K12 system proves to be very beneficial. Unemployment and poverty are two cancers of society and are both problems rooted from Filipinos unable to finish school. The K12 program aims to uplift the quality of education in the Philippines in order for graduates to be easily employed. The program also aims to meet the standards required for professionals who would want to work abroad. Furthermore, it would help the student acquire mastery of basic competencies and be more emotionally mature. According to G. K. Chesterton, â€Å"Education is simply the soul of a society as it passes from one generation to another. † Wouldn’t it make a brighter future for the Philippines if all schools will upgrade the level of teaching? Wouldn’t it make a better generation of Filipinos? Wouldn’t it make the Philippines better equipped to compete globally? Adapting to the education system of first world countries like the United States could definitely uplift the lives of the young Filipinos. After all, they are already living proof that their educational system made them a powerful country in the world. I believe that the K12 system will help the Filipino students attain a better level of learning, a better career to earn a living and a brighter Philippines. From the words of John Dewey, â€Å"Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself. † Building a strong educational foundation will help any Filipino reach their dreams and make the Philippines a better country.

Health and biomedical informatics Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health and biomedical informatics - Article Example Administration of Antioxidants such as Vitamin E and Lipoic acid has been used to promote health in health care by eliminating reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen species but it is important to consider the binding properties of synthetic vitamin E. Some synthetic vitamin E does not bind to proteins making it difficult to transfer them across the membrane (Hunter 2008, p. 150). Doctors should therefore consider this aspect when prescribing synthetic vitamin E. The blood brain barrier is a membrane of tightly packed cells that restricts the passage of some substances from the blood to the brain cells while allowing the passage of essential substances required for metabolism. The permeation of the blood brain barrier to a particular drug is of importance during drug administration. For example, fact that antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood brain barrier makes the treatment of medical conditions such as meningitis a problem (Aschenbrenner 2009, p.44). According to Moore (2007, p.21), current approaches are geared towards the use of ADMET within genetic programming to predict the permeablity of the blood brain barrier. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins which are the most essential and abundant molecules in the human body. In human beings there are a total of twenty amino acids and their arrangement within a protein determines the function and nature of the protein. Amino acid therapy is currently being employed to replace drug therapy according to Pfeiifer’s Law. For instance, instead of using antidepressants drugs to increase the action of serotonin the amino acids Tryptophan or Tyrosine can be used to produce the same effects (Braverman 2003, 19). As outlined by Fukamizo (2011, 88), protein analysis can be conducted by a technique such as LC-MS combined with â€Å"database search algorithms.† DNA replication is a process that occurs at the

BIA_LAB7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BIA_LAB7 - Essay Example The first step in developing a BCP plan is to carry out a business impact analysis (BIA). This will discover the companys most vital systems and processes and the cause at large on the business. Then do the following: File a series plan for the executive leader. Categorize backup employees to support the key emergency workforce. Guide backup employees to execute emergency responsibilities (FEMA, 2012). Work with at least two at each spot in your resources organization. Develop a comprehensive communication plan with top executives, and employees to be in touch with each other, customers, and the external world. Have an offsite crisis assembly place in the plan. Vary other means of communication in case the network and phone goes down. File the local emergency groups’ (police, and firefighters) call information in the plan. Attempt to form partnerships with the neighboring emergency responders to establish a good working association. (Company and site). Perform emergency exerci ses and drills. Employees and executives should practice emergency response basics. Assess your companys performance during each test, and work to constant progress (FEMA, 2012). Continuity workout may certainly reveal weaknesses if done accurately. Test your routine plan often to accommodate and reveal changes. Personnel, facilities, and technology are in a stable state of flux at any organization. When the unanticipated occurs from accidental down time to a major tragedy the information and unexpected variables is what always hinders a fast recovery (FEMA, 2012). Business Impact Analysis is the base for any business stability program within an organization (Gibson, 2011). A BIA is obligatory in the making of a business disaster recovery plan. It allows the administration to identify its organization’s most significant business and Information Technology (IT) activities.

The Propaganda of Commodities Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Propaganda of Commodities - Assignment Example The modern manufacturing processes for mass production of commodities and the necessity to create ever-increasing demands need to function tandem. The article throws light on the necessity to create a solid demand for the avalanche of new products that engulf the market and prepare the mind of the consumer to accept them, whether his requirement for such goods is genuine or not. As a consumer, I take this article as a warning to keep check on my expenditure. I have seen many advertisements that appeal to my emotions and a want is created, which is not there before the contents of the advertisements begin to cast influence. Lasch provides the specific warning to the gullible consumer and he writes, â€Å"The American economy having reached the point where its technology was capable of satisfying basic material needs, now relied on the creation of new consumer demands—on convincing people to buy goods for which they are unaware of any need until the â€Å"need† is forcibly brought to their attention by the mass media.†(431) So I make it a point to ask a question to myself whenever I visit the super markets, whether I need this product? Whether it will contribute to the happiness and welfare of my family? The famous author Bernard Shaw is asked once, why he visits the market regularly but never buys anything. He replies that his purpose is to verify how many new products have arrived that he doesn’t

Business Development in Canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Development in Canada - Essay Example Canadian resources have been the cornerstone of business development and it is anticipated that it will remain the central avenue for the achievement of business prosperity for current and future generations. Resources and Growth of Businesses in Canada It is evident that throughout history, Canada has been endowed with various natural resources such as land, forests, minerals, fossils fuels, and fisheries. Exploitation of the above resources have been fundamental in the successful development of businesses through the provision of strategic raw materials, mineral and energy that are necessary in trade establishment and growth. The relationship between natural resource exploitation in Canada and business development shows a positive correlation where business and economic development depend on the endowment of an economy with natural resources (Taylor & Owram, 1994). Global and regional trade prior to the pre-war period relied majorly on the availability of raw materials, energy, and mineral commodities. Since Canada was capable of providing the above trade necessities through the exploitation and utilization of her natural resources, trade and business opportunities emerged. The availability of natural resources in Canada contributed to both domestic and international business development opportunities. The availability of natural resources in Canada led to the establishment and development of business opportunities hence intensified industrialization. Nearly all emerging and developing economies including Canada depended on the natural resources as the basis for economic growth achievement. Business growth and development in Canada have historically developed through the exploitation of natural resources that were found to be... This essay approves that United States corporations increased ownership of manufacturing and processing plants in Canada. Foreign direct investment by American firms was concentrated in the resource sector and in particular, the paper mills, and mining companies. The intensive incursion and successive ownership of manufacturing and processing plants in Canada by American led to the emergence of mergers as a new form of business strategy. Merger of multinational firms and local firms also concentrated control and ownership of natural resources in few hands. New economic organizations and re-orientation was evident with entry of larger firms in mainstream business operations. The market shifted from industrial capitalism to corporate capitalism where large multi-organizations began to take charge of business operations in Canada by increasing the size of economic units. This report makes a conclusion that Canada has been commonly referred to as the storehouse of resources since the past decades. Indeed Canada is endowed with various natural resources such as petroleum, fisheries, forests, and minerals among others and it boasts of a huge territory that is under natural resources. Natural resources have played a significant role in shaping up and development of business and economy of Canada. The export of staples such as pulp and paper, industrial minerals, timber, fur and agricultural products has contributed immensely to the growth of business and trade. It resulted in increased revenue and income, industrial growth and foreign direct investment initiatives.

Company Law Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Company Law Master - Case Study Example The address of such place will have to be intimated to the Registrar of companies and Madona can find the address of the place from the registrar in case such a regulation has been made in this respect. However Madona should note that under the new provisions "A person seeking access to the register will have to give their name and address and state the purpose for which access is being requested and indicate whether the information will be disclosed. The company can apply to the court for an order that it does not have to comply with the request on the grounds that access is not sought for "a proper purpose"."3 Under the provisions of Section 113 (2) it is necessary for the companies having a share capital to incorporate in the register of members the shares held by each member, with the share numbers if any and also the class of shares where there is more than one class. Hence by the inspection of the register of members of Posh Cars Ltd, Madona may be able to find out the extent of Mr. Cowboy's holdings in the company. Section 353 (1) of the Companies Act 1985 allows the company to maintain the register of members in a place other than the registered office through a notification to this effect. ... However Madona should note that under the new provisions "A person seeking access to the register will have to give their name and address and state the purpose for which access is being requested and indicate whether the information will be disclosed. The company can apply to the court for an order that it does not have to comply with the request on the grounds that access is not sought for "a proper purpose"."3 1.2 Mr. Cowboy's Holdings in Posh Cars Ltd: Under the provisions of Section 113 (2) it is necessary for the companies having a share capital to incorporate in the register of members the shares held by each member, with the share numbers if any and also the class of shares where there is more than one class. Hence by the inspection of the register of members of Posh Cars Ltd, Madona may be able to find out the extent of Mr. Cowboy's holdings in the company. 1.3 Access to Register of Members in the case of a Plc: Section 353 (1) of the Companies Act 1985 allows the company to maintain the register of members in a place other than the registered office through a notification to this effect. However the Registrar will be informed of the address and location of the place where the register of members will be available for inspection. With the proposed amendments in the Companies Act 2006 "persons requesting to inspect or obtain a copy of a company's register will be required to submit a written request to the company, stating their name and address, the purpose for which the information is to be used and whether the information will be disclosed to any other person. It will then be up to the company to decide whether the stated purpose is 'proper' or 'improper' and either fulfil the request within five days or make an

Explain Internet and distributed application services Essay

Explain Internet and distributed application services - Essay Example Different forms of clusters exist and each has its failures, and advantages that paper intends to examine. Introduction The term cluster is used in the computer technology to refer to a group of loosely coupled computers that are configured to work as a unit. Every node often operates as a complete unit as opposed to the operations of a tightly coupled multiprocessing system. Clustered computers usually have independent CPU, I/O, and memory (Englander, 2003). Clustered computers may constitute multiple processing systems. A computer in a cluster refers to a node (Englander, 2003). The main aim of clustering computers is to make the users to see them as single machines, which they are not in the actual sense. There are the main reasons for clustering computers; however, each reason has its challenges and better share of benefits. The main advantages of clustering include increasing the computing power of computers by combining the individual power of each computer. Notably, a computer has the power to process data independently (Englander, 2003). ... Fundamentally, clustering is a significant practice in computer technology since it is a sure way of increasing or designing highly performing computer systems. The processing problem including parallel processing units can be solved by breaking the problem into subtasks and then distributing them to different or parallel processing units among the nodes thereby solving the problem in parallel (Englander, 2003). Clustering also intends to create fault tolerant systems because each computer with the cluster is able to operate alone without the assistance from other computers within the cluster (Englander, 2003). Therefore, a node failure will not lead to standstill operational since the entire cluster will not be closed. The software controlling the entire cluster is capable of switching processes to other nodes within the cluster in a process referred to failover. Therefore, failures of certain nodes, the failed nodes’ processes can be switched to other functional nodes within the system; this switching will facilitate the continuation of processes that were running on the failed node or computer (Englander, 2003). Nonetheless, a cluster that has never experienced any form of failure can be designed and this is often advantageous for systems that process critical applications. Clusters are also vital in creating high available systems where computers within the cluster can be distributed geographically over a wide area (Englander, 2003). Therefore, users can access the closest computer system with the cluster. In most cases, this phenomenon creates a natural balancing of loads among different or series of computer nodes

Stakeholder mapping Stakeholder analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Stakeholder mapping Stakeholder analysis - Essay Example The stakeholders can very well be found beyond the formal structure of the company. Therefore in order to find out all the stakeholders, the company is also required to have a look at informal and indirect relationships as well. The company management has to make a balancing assessment and evaluate all such external forces in order to take them along with company’s objectives. Two major elements for stakeholder management are Stakeholder mapping and Stakeholder analysis. By managing the interest of stakeholders an organisation can enhance the wealth in such a manner that economic benefits can be generated by positive relationships between the organisation and its stakeholders (Preston and Donaldson, 1999). This necessitates that the service values as perceived by stakeholders are determined in an objective manner. This includes determination of elements like information and knowledge sharing about the functioning of the company, joint ventures, acquisitions and mergers, comple mentary resources and capabilities. In fact, at times, the operational direction of the company is set by the manner in which the stakeholders perceive the company, its missions and objectives. Key stakeholders like shareholders, employees, financers etc. often make use of influencing strategies to guide the organisation or to set the priorities for the company (Frooman, 1999). Therefore while taking crucial corporate decisions, it is necessary to know about the expectations of different stakeholders and to determine the extent to which they could and would exert their influence. Mitchell et al (1997) contend that an influential model of how stakeholders influence organisations is based on attributes of power, legitimacy and urgency. Johnson & Scholes (1999) define stakeholder as, â€Å"Stakeholders are groups or individuals who have a stake in, or expectation of, the organization’s performance.† Besides the owners

Social network service Essay Example for Free

Social network service Essay Internet is recently one of the fast, convenient ways for people to communicate with other people around the world. Especially with social networking sites, people are now able to create their own world online. They can do all the things they want to do even things they can’t do them in their real lives. Most likely, teenagers are a great numbers of users and members of the networking sites such as Myspace, Hi5, Facebook and Friendster. They usually get online and join those sites on their free time. Adults are not exceptions here, they use networking sites to do research, communicate with others or do their work online. In some aspects, those networking sites have shared the bad publicity of identity theft, false profiles, and online predators. In fact, those things have happened recently because social networking sites can not control what kind of people will be online and join their sites, so the risks are obviously not created by their faults. Despite of those bad publicities, social networking are still popularfor their great functions and features. Specially, creating a comfortable entertain atmosphere, helping people improve their social skills, and providing interesting information for users to learn and expand their knowledge. First, social networking sites create a comfortable entertain atmosphere that people can access anytime when they are at home. These sites are like playground where people can find things to do. For example, for bored people, it is probably a good place for them to spend their time. Moreover, these social networking sites allow people to create a personal profile in order to keep in touch with old friends, make new friends and even to look for a date online. For instance, we have been using Yahoo for two years, and we were surprised that this site helped us to reunite my old friends in high school in Manila. It was amazing that we also have a lot of new friendships since we have used it. Moreover,social networking sites also encourage people to create their own profiles, which can include their personal information, their interest, their photo slides, blog entries and even music clips. These are great features because people can share not only their information with others but also share their interests and hobbies as well. Some people write their dairies in blogs, where entries are made in journal style, to share with others and allow people to post comments in comment box. Therefore,social networking sites are good places for people to make friends and express their feelings with online world. Next, another advantage of social networking sites is helping people to practice and improve their social skills. Just like talking on the phone, socialization on the internet give people chances to think about their conversation and have more time to think how to response. Thus, this kind of socializing is more convenience than face-to-face interaction. It is a good opportunity for them to experiment with greetings and response, especially with kids and teenagers w ho are anxious when they involve in conversations. Moreover, social networking sites are also useful for people with special needs can express themselves, including thought and feeling, more easily and without fear of being teased or rejection they may have in real life. Specially, for people with learning disabilities, these sites help them to socialize anonymously. For instance, they can present different personas or act as people who they really are when they create profiles online, because in real life they don’t have chances to be themselves in some ways. By using these sites, they will have a great experience with initiating and maintaining online friendships. They will become more confident and improve their social skills, which they may carry over into real life and give them courage to maintain friendship in real life. So you see, there are a lot of things that are going on with these social networking sites. That’s the reason why we chose this topic. We wanted to know the effects brought by social networking sites to fourth year students, particularly to the fourth year students of IV- Love of the College of the Holy Spirit of Tarlac.

Western Art Music | Analysis

Western Art Music | Analysis Western Art Music Western practices define art music as a musical tradition that is basically written, not transmitted by rote or in any recordings but preserved in the form of music notation. This art evolved prior to renaissance period in Europe and matured in romantic period. We can define the identity of an art work by its notated version. Earlier, the European art music was derived as a part of the traditional music. We can say that the art music concept refers to authentic and creative music. Here, I am going to describe the three famous western art music composers, who belong to the different historical periods. They are Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750), Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770-1824) and Alban Berg (1885-1935). Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Johann Sebastian Bach was born in year 1685 in Eisenach and was a craftsman. His father’s name was Johann Ambrosius Bach. He was an organist at St. Georges Church. His mother’s name was Maria Elisabetha Là ¤mmerhirt. His father Ambrosius taught him how to play violin and harpsichord. His relatives were professional musicians. Their posts ranged from church organists and musicians to composers. His uncle taught him the art of playing the organ. He was proud to his family’s achievement. His mother and father died in the year 1694, when he was only 10 years old. After his parents’ death, he moved away with his elder brother to Ohrdruf, where he learnt music (Geck Hargraves, 2006). His era was characterized by presence of composers who created work on the demand of employers. Bach focused on the different flavor of the music. In Weimar, as a court organist, he successfully produced organ works, and created music as desired by his patron who was the composer for the Prince of Anhalt-Cà ¶then. In Leipzig, Bach held the most long term and important position as a cantor in Church of St. Thomas. It should not be surprising that in this period, he wrote great church music. The demands from employers helped him to create work under various genres. He did work on sacred vocals that consist of 200 cantatas of church; other works consist of 20 cantatas which were under Secular vocal. Apart from this, his works comprise of music based on Orchestra, including 4 suites of orchestra, 6 Brandenburg Concertos, and for 1, 2, 3 and 4 harpsichords. 6 sonatas and partitas formed the part of unaccompanied violin under Chamber music. Bach Also composed key board music, which includes 2 volumes of Das wohltemperirte Clavier. Among the suites composed there were 6 French Suites, 6 English Suites, etc. In the field of organ music, he made contribution in about 150 chorale preludes, fantasias, toccatas, preludes, and fugues (Wolff, 2000). Bach had the quality of a student or an emulator. The music of his contemporaries constantly surrounded the composer. His study into their music gave an insight to him about the wide variety of personal and national styles as he was often engaged in the re-arranging of these pieces into different instrumental combinations. This was the unique work, which he carried all through his life thus integrating them into his own ideas. Bach had deep faith in his religion. Even his Bible was filled with various annotations and comments. These religious feelings can be very well felt in his music, which frequently strikes the listeners’ heart. Bach liked completeness in every task he did. His various works seem to move forward to attain completeness by exploring each imaginable possibility. The examples showing this attitude are two of his collections of preludes and fugues. In preparing them, Bach had made use of every possible major and minor key combinations. But this encyclopedic quality came out in his final works only. His mass in minor is a summation of his sacred style, which he redrafted from his previous pieces. Thus, to conclude, we can say that his music was unique because it constituted the human element in it (Williams, 2004). Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770-1824) The second composer chosen by me is Ludwig Van Beethoven. He was born on 16th December 1770, in the German town of Bonn in a musicians’ family. His father and grand father were also musicians. Till the age of eleven, his father acted as his teacher but after that he went under the guidance of the court organist C. G. Neefee. As soon as he reached the age of twelve he deputized Neefe. In this period, his first music notes were published. He remained the assistant of Neefe till the year 1787. Soon after this, at the small age of seventeen he went to Vienna. This time his visit was very short because of his mother’s illness. After five years, in 1792 he finally went to Vienna to earn his living (Powell, 1995, December). From the year 1792, he started learning composing and counter pointing under the able guidance of Salieri, Haydn, Albrechtsberger and Schenk. He simultaneously tried to establish himself as a composer and pianist. From the year 1800, Bethoven was trying hard to master the high classical style, so that he could impress the town Aristocrats. With the passage of time he was successful in establishing very good relations with them. These relations helped him secure his income for living. By the year 1809, the princes of the state, Prince Lobkowitz, Archduke Rudolp and Prince Kinsky were impressed by him and had guaranteed him yearly income. This period denoted the â€Å"early period† of his life (Cooper, 1991). From the start of the middle period, i.e. from 1809 to 1813, he enhanced and developed his high classical style into a more individualistic and dynamic style. By this time, he was able to write piano concert Nr.5, symphonies Nr. 3 – 8 and many other chamber music. At the negative side of his life, he came to know that his hearing power was being lost with the passage of time. This hearing impairment also broke his relations with the lady whom he loved. By the year 1812, his performances came to stand still because of his ailment. It was difficult for him to even handle public interaction. Some of his remember able music compositions were Symphony No.5 in C minor; Symphony No.9 in D minor â€Å"Choral†; Piano Sonata No.30 in E minor, first movement; Piano Sonata No.8 in C minor â€Å"Pathà ©tique†, Adagio cantabile and Piano Sonata No.14 in C-sharp minor â€Å"Moonlight†, Adagio sostenuto (Stanley, 2000). He lost his brother in the year 1815. After this, he tried to be in the custody of one of his nephew. Bethoven was now harassed on the matters related to this nephew. His relations with his nephew were also getting worse and he was unable to handle these circumstances; as a result, he tried to commit suicide in the year 1826. This period is also known as the late period of Bethoven’s music career. Having a fight with all these struggles along with his poverty, Ludwig Van Beethoven left the world on March 26, 1827. In the end, a brief summary of his life long contribution can be summarized year wise as following: 1800: His first Orchestral symphony; 1802: Orchestral symphony no. 2; 1803: No.3 â€Å"Eroica† orchestral symphony; 1804: a triple concerto (piano, violin, and cello), piano sonata Op.53 â€Å"Waldstein†; 1805: 1 opera, Fidelio; 1806: No.4 orchestral symphony, 1 concerto for violin, piano sonata Op.13 â€Å"Pathà ©tique†; 1808: No.6 â€Å"Pastoral† orchestral symphony; 1812: No.7 8 orchestral symphony;1816: song cycle â€Å"To the Distant Beloved† (An die ferne Geliebte); 1823: Choral music including Missa solemnis; 1824: The final â€Å"Choral† orchestral symphony (Cooper, 1991). Alban Berg (1885-1935) The First composer that I have chosen from contrasting historical periods is Alban Maria Johannes Berg. He was an Australian composer and was from the period of 19th century. Alban Maria Johannes Berg was born on 9th February, 1885 in Vienna. His father’s name was Conrad Berg, who was a positioned sales executive in the export trade. He belonged to Nuremberg but shifted to Vienna in the year 1867. His mother’s name was Johanna Anna Berg. Alban’s maternal grand father was a Viennese citizen (Bruhn, 1998). Conrad and Johanna Berg had four children. The eldest of them was Conrad. Charley was his second brother and he followed the steps of his father. Alban was third Child of his parents. The fourth Child was Smaragda. Smaragda and Alban were very close to each other (Perle, 1980). Alban’s mother Johanna was very vigorous and energetic person. Alban learnt more from his father rather than his mother. When Alban was a child he was more interested in literature rather than music. He began to compose when he was 15 years old. In the year 1903, he completed his education. Till the age of 19, he learnt the music on his own. In the year 1904, he became the associate member of second Viennese school Arnold and Anton Webern. He studied about counterpoint, music theory, and harmony with Arnold Schoenberg. He studied music for full-time by the year 1906. Alban met the singer Helene Nahowski, daughter of a wealthy family in the year 1906 (Perle, 1980). In the year 1907, he became composer. He also inscribed songs, which included his Seven Early Songs; three out of which were Bergs first openly performed work in a concert. This also featured the music of Schoenbergs pupils in Vienna. Arnold Schoenberg seems to be the most prominent person in his life. He spent 6 years with Arnold. Till 1911, he worked and studied with him. Alban Berg used to admire Arnold Schoenberg as a musician and teacher. They remained close acquaintances lifelong. Both of them developed an idea of developing variation. Alban passed the idea to his students (Bruhn, 1998). The society in which he grew up was of very helpful nature. Alban’s social environment consists of the watercolorist Gustav Klimt, the author and comedian Karl Kraus, the architect Adolf Loos, the poet Peter Altenberg, and the musical group Alexander von Zemlinsky and Franz Schreker. In the year 1913, two songs of Bergs were on Picture Postcard Texts (Perle, 1980). The music of Alban explains and demonstrates better than any other individual composer. Alban engaged a lyrical and harmonic language that resemble to the romantic style. He was the most advanced composer of this style. For the work, Alban Berg moved from a rather tonal approach to a purely atonal style. Alban created a rich mix of styles and approaches which included the language that ranges from post-romantic to purely atonal, free mixing of popular and folk elements. Alban Berg’ romantic tonal works gave ways to growing atonality and to 12-tone composition. Alban’s other works included two string quartets. His work included the Lyric Suite in year 1926; Three Pieces for Orchestra in year 1915; Orchestral music which includes Chamber Concerto in year 1925. One of his works Lulu (Opera) remained unfinished due to his death. For 3 years, i.e. 1915 to 1917, Alban served the Austrian Army. In the year 1917 he started to work for his first Opera (Wozzeck). An opera is an art in which singers and musical group perform a theatrical work. After 1920, he started to teach private pupils of Vienna. Alban’s most appreciated work is his mournful Violin Concerto, quotations from historical tonal music which includes a Bach singing group and Carinthian folk song. Alban Berg passed away in year 1935 in Vienna, on Christmas Eve. He died of blood poisoning that was caused by an insect bite. He was 50 years old at that time (Schmalfeldt, 1991). Conclusion The study of these composers reveals that they have made significant contributions in the field of western art music. Though, they all have different inspirational background but still their work in the field of sacred vocal, orchestral suits are remarkable. For example Bach made great contribution as an organist in secular vocal and composed different suits of orchestra. Bethoven was the musician having both romantic and classical styles. He was a new composer of the new age with high energy. His involvement in controversies also made him the most interesting of all great composers. The work of Alban Berg includes the two operas. The first one was Wozzeck and the second was the Lulu. His intention behind this was to include the technique of composition, which means to give theater what belongs to theater. His aim was to compose good music to develop musical content of drama and to translate poetic language into music.

Love and Hate in James Cains Mildred Pierce :: Cain Mildred Pierce Essays

Love and Hate in James Cain's Mildred Pierce      Ã‚  Ã‚   Some may say that the character Mildred Pierce of the novel, Mildred   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pierce by James Cain, may be a good role model for an entrepreneur or a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   single working mother.   Some may say that she was hopelessly devoted to   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   her ungrateful daughter, Veda.   Some may also argue that Veda was a   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   terrible daughter who lacked compassion, sincerity, and most of all,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   respect.   As true as that may all be, the candlelight glowing about the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   flawless, sugar-coated heroine shall be blown out.   Fluorescent lights,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   please.        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mildred Pierce loved her daughter.   Perhaps she had loved Veda too   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   much.   One questions how a woman can love such a bitch - a coloratura   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   soprano.   Could it have been another type of love?   Mildred had an   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   exaggerated sense of self-importance.   She felt the need for attention and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   admiration from others, particularly Veda.   Mildred Pierce took people for   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   granted or exploited them with an unusual coolness.   Had Mildred Pierce   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   been a real person, and ever introduced to Sigmund Freud, the verdict   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   would be in.   Mildred Pierce suffers from Narcissism.   Another kind of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   love, indeed!   She simply had fallen in love with her reflection (as the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   disorder was named for the mythological Narcissus, who fell in love with   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   his own reflection) - Veda Pierce, that is.        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1991, Sophie Freud, granddaughter of Sigmund Freud, explained that   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the narcissistic mother has a great investment in her daughters.   The   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   survival of women greatly depends on loving, and whether she is loved.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Narcissistic actions are ambivalent.   "In order to develop into a woman   Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  [the narcissist mother believes] a daughter needs sufficient libidinal   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   resources to identify with her female partner [mother]..." (Fenchel).     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mildred Pierce fits the description.   That must explain the sensual vibes   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   - but unfortunately Veda was not the type of daughter to want to identify   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   with her mother.   Mildred's character ached for approval from Veda.

Achilles Shield :: Free Essay Writer

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Achilles’ shield, made by Hephaestus, the god of fire, plays a part in the Iliad. It tells the story of the war between the Greeks and the Trojans. Hephaestus depicts the two cities and the activities going on in them, and Agamemnon’s, the Greek’s king, estate. Homer thought that seeing what it is on the shield could help the reader understand the importance of Achilles' shield and the Iliad. Hephaestus used fine metals and put lots of scenes of things going on not only in that time period but also in respect to the Iliad’s plot. Hephaestus went into great detail in the cities; especially what mood and what people were feeling.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hephaestus used bronze, tin, gold, and silver to make the shield. The shield has five layers of metal. On the shield are scenes showing the heavens, earth, sea, two cities (a Greek one and Troy), Agamemnon’s estate, fields, a vineyard, a herd of cattle, and people dancing and being merry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The two cities on the shield represent a city in Greece and the city of Troy. One of the cities is filled with men dancing and singing, and brides in the streets. The other city has an army surrounding it. There is Turmoil around both of the city. In one two armies fight, Greeks and the Trojans, along the river banks killing many men. Both cities are tainted with death, but at the same time both have love in them. In one city, the Greek one, two men, possibly Achilles and a fellow comrade, fight over the consequence for the murder of a warrior and take their case to a judge, could be Zeus in the Iliad, to decide the punishment. In the other, children and wives stay and watch the house and each other as the men go to war. This scene is meant to parallel to the Trojans leaving to fight the Greeks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Agamemnon's estate is also depicted on Achilles' shield. Plentiful harvests of grain are shown along with Agamemnon standing silently among the barley. An ox is also shown being killed for a feast. The shield represents happiness and prosperity for Agamemnon which also foreshadows the Greek's victory over Troy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally, the shield showed a vineyard with many workers who pick the grapes. One is a young boy who loves to sing and play a lyre. A herd of cattle is also illustrated.

The Management of 21st Century: Hong Kong Essay -- essays research pap

Hong Kong is the most suitable place for business. It is characterized by its high degree of internationalization, business friendly environment, rule of law, free trade and free flow of information, open and fair competition. Therefore, the business management is a very important part in the business. The management of Hong Kong includes the external environment and the internal environment. The external environment includes the economic environment, labour market and social environment. In the economic environment, Hong Kong has faced the Asian financial turmoil in 1997. But now, the overall economic condition progressively improved. Later, China will be a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Hong Kong will gain a lot of business opportunity in different trades, such as banking, insurance, telecommunication. Those businesses need the new management for their future. For example, they must plan the new organization ¡Ã‚ ¦s goals, or they estimate the demand of human resources in the future. However, this phenomenon will disappear very soon when China would be a member of WTO after two years. It is because Hong Kong may not be the intermediate between China and the world since China will open their market for the world. Therefore, the Hong Kong companies may plan how to reduce the labour supply within an organization at that time. In the labour market, manpower is Hong Kong ¡Ã‚ ¦s most treasured asset. Because of much labour supply, it does no...

Nickel and Dimed

As the main objective of this experiment was to determine that it is practically impossible for a low skilled and low-wage female worker and a single mother to earn enough money in order to get proper lodging, fulfill necessary needs and support her children, the outcome of her experiment in her own perspective was quite positive and satisfactory. Ehrenreich spend one month in three different cities of the United States to determine the workplace conditions, wages, behavior of the employers regarding the low-wage and low skilled employees and she was successful in finding out with a nearly real life experience that’s why she was satisfied with her experience and find herself as an above average low skilled worker. The experiment undertaken by Ehrenreich was extremely successful in her own perspective because she eventually found out what she intended to. As she has discussed in her last chapter â€Å"The Evaluation† that all the three case studies explicitly reveal that it is extremely difficult for a low-wage worker to find proper lodgings with the current level of wages in the country. She also found out that a single job is never enough for a low skilled worker to earn enough money in order to meet his/her end meets. Moreover the employers behavior is also highly disparaging. The employers use wicked techniques to keep the wages as low as possible and keep the employees in constant pressure so that they never get organized against their unfair treatment. (Ehrenreich) All these things make the life of a low-wage worker extremely difficult and demanding. According to her evaluation in all the three cities the rate of housing surpassed the wages of the low-income employees making it virtually impossible to get proper lodgings. (Ehrenreich) So by keeping in mind that her objective was to finding out that it is impossible for a low-income wageworker to get proper lodgings and meet end meets, her experiment was extremely successful in her own perspective also. She can certainly said that she has met the objectives of her experiment as she has found out that lowest 20% of the workforce of the U.S. economy is in extremely difficult condition and their problems are so severe, so complex that it is also extremely difficult for them to overcome these problems or find better jobs even if they exist in their surroundings. (Ehrenreich) Her main objective was to determine the difference between the lives of the high paid and low-wage workers, and that most of the needs of the high paid labor is met by the low paid and unskilled labor. In my own perspective the experiment carried out by Ehrenreich was highly successful. She presented us the true picture of the low-income Americans’ lives and helps us realize the severity of the problems the low-income labor force faces during their jobs and in their workplace. She gives the living proof of the reality that it is virtually impossible for a low-wage worker to survive in these conditions and find a shelter for himself, especially if the worker is a single mother and she has to provide food and support to her siblings also. Thus the outcome of this experiment clearly indicates of its success. She proved that the employers’ exploit is so extreme in nature that even the shortage of the labor does not compel them to raise the wage, i.e. universal economic rules do not apply for these low-income labor. (Ehrenreich) As a learned member of society I can use the knowledge of this book by making people realize that the so-called claim of a prosper and welfare America is just a bluff and a slogan which only depicts the external shine and wealth of the corporate America. While in the deep there are certain levels of the American economy and workforce, which suffers as much as any other workforce in a third world and developing country. We can use this book and the outcome of this research in order to find the solution, which will help us to eradicate the deprivation of the low-income workforce at the bottom of the U.S. economy. We can use this book to increase the awareness of the people about the sufferings of the low-income workers. We can use this knowledge to disclose the persecution of the corporate sector of their low-income employees and to persuade the employers to behave more humane with their low-income employees and make the workplace a better place for them and raise their wages to a level which would practically make it possible for them to meet their end needs, but also to go ahead. The overall output of the experiment of Ehrenreich and the tone of the language of last chapter evaluation clearly indicates that the experiment was a complete success in the view of the author and she thinks that she has finally determined what she has sought through out her 3-month expedition. She finally came with the living proof of what she initially claimed that it is virtually impossible for a low-skilled and low-income wageworker to earn enough money, by which they can get proper housing and meet their end meets and support their dependants like siblings or get medical treatment even when their lives and health is at stake. The book is a complete success in a reader’s perspective become it creates awareness of this unfair practice of the employers of the corporate America, who continue to insist on exploiting the low-wage workers and deprive them not only of their end needs but also from any prospect of getting ahead. Thus this book and the research in it is an important and helpful knowledge regarding the unfair class structure in the American Society. Works Cited Ehrenreich, Barbara. â€Å"Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By in America.† Holt Paperbacks. May 1, 2002.                                                                      Nickel and Dimed Nickel and Dimed, written by Barbara Ehrenreich has been published in 2001 for the first time. This book explains and describes the condition of the working poor in United States in the 21st century. To write this book the author who is a well-known journalist at the New York Times decides to experience being a low-wage worker for a few months. She gives up her middle class life to become and live as a working poor. The author establishes a few rules at the beginning of her challenge such as not to go hungry or always having a car. But, except for those few exceptions she decides to go through the same life as her new coworkers. She starts her experience in Florida then she goes to Maine and finally to Minnesota. Therefore, Nickel and Dimed describes the experiment and the troubles Ehrenreich had to go through while she was a working poor. She particularly accentuates on how humiliated and how ashamed people are of being poor. Shame and humiliation are essential themes of this book are explained and described through different ways such as the fact that poor people are invisible or not respected in their jobs or not able to talk freely, or mistreated by their manager even if they are sick. First of all, the author explains that the poor are invisible and how they feel about it. â€Å"Maids as an occupational group, are not visible, and when we are seen we are often sorry for it† (99). The feeling of invisibility is normally one of the worst feelings that a human being should feel. But according to Ehrenreich, the maids feel relieved when they are not seen. Other people are looking at them as stupid people. They do not fit in the society. In fact, nowadays a person who does not use their brain in their work is not respected by others or by the upper classes. Holly, Ehrenreich’s coworker and friend, describes in chapter two the mean and negative remarks people did to her when they know that she is a maid. She said, â€Å" We’re nothing to these people† (100). Therefore, the poor are invisible in this society where the intellectual skills are valuable. They feel better when they are not noticed because they prefer to avoid the mean remarks from other. But, feeling invisible in their everyday life is a shame. They are human beings who need to be considered by others and integrated in a group to socialize as everyone else. Second of all, readers understand that low-wage workers are not respected in their job and this starts at the hiring process. While Ehrenreich tries to be hired at Wal-Mart in chapter three she explains that she has to go through psychological and drug tests. The first test is not supposed to affect the decision of the managers but in fact it does. Roberta, her coworker â€Å"takes it off to another room where, she says a computer will ‘score it’. After about ten minutes, she’s back with alarming news: I’ve gotten three answers wrong† (240). Corporations start to lie to their employees before hiring them. Low wage people as B. Ehrenreich are not hired because of their quality or personality. The relation between the employees and them is a computer. The corporation does not consider them. Working poor could be compared as animals that pass or fail a test before being bought. Those workers lose their self-esteem because of the lack of consideration they receive in their jobs. It is a perpetual humiliation to feel ignore by everyone. Third of all, Ehrenreich describes how employees are not allowed to talk to the customers. For example, when the author works at Hearthside her manager tells her, â€Å"No chatting for you, girl. No fancy service ethic allowed for the serfs. Chatting with customers is for the good-looking young college-educated servers in the downtown capriccio and ceviche joints, the kids who can make $70-$100 a night† (35). And Ehrenreich explains that she was not also allowed to talk to her coworkers while she was at Wal-Mart of certain subjects. And if she did, she could be fired. But, forbidding people to talk about certain subjects or to discuss with some of their coworkers is a violation of the fundamental rights. In the author’s experiences, readers understand that she has lost her humanity because freedom of speech is one of the fundamental rights that is expressed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that was established in 1945 by the United Nations. Speaking is an advantage of men because we are the only species who can communicate. Losing this advantage makes the person feel like she is not even human anymore. He loses all his self-esteem and feels humiliated. Finally, Ehrenreich shows how the health of people is not respected in the low wage class. While the author works at The Maids we have the perfect description of this kind of humiliation because her manager â€Å" Ted doesn’t have much sympathy for illness, though; one of our morning meeting was on the subject of ‘ working through it’ †(87). He mistreats the author’s friend and coworker, Holly who is pregnant and has to work to survive because she does not have any money. But Ted forces her to work in terrible conditions. Holly cannot take a real lunch break or a few days of vacation to rest even if she is extremely sick and tired because of her pregnancy. And if she takes her break without her manager’s approval she could be fired. She appears like a slave who is forced to do every task her manager assigns her even if Ted does not pay attention to the fact that she is sick. Therefore, Ehrenreich has to stand up and fight for her friend to have the permission to take a day off. But Ted would let a woman works even if he knows that she is about to be taken to the ER. I believe that a person who is sick cannot be forced to fight against her body. Unhealthy people should be helped and not used as slaves. Therefore, this episode underlines how humiliating it is for a sick person to be forced to work. Holly in this episode becomes an animal who has to work even if she is physically unable to. Working poor are not only having money problems they also have to go through humiliation and shame in their everyday life. Trying to modify their social status is almost impossible when we understand how they are treated. They lose their self-esteem and do not trust themselves anymore. Therefore, they will not even try to change jobs. They are stuck in their own conditions. They are not considered as humans in their job. The low-wage workers are unsocialized because of their wages and are mentally destroyed by their managers. Barbara Ehrenreich describes their situation in this book through her own experience to inform the world of their situation. In the 21st century in a country like United States, which is supposed to be the most powerful nation in the world, citizens cannot accept that others are treated like that. Low-wage workers need to be respected. Nickel and Dimed Nickel and Dimed, written by Barbara Ehrenreich has been published in 2001 for the first time. This book explains and describes the condition of the working poor in United States in the 21st century. To write this book the author who is a well-known journalist at the New York Times decides to experience being a low-wage worker for a few months. She gives up her middle class life to become and live as a working poor. The author establishes a few rules at the beginning of her challenge such as not to go hungry or always having a car. But, except for those few exceptions she decides to go through the same life as her new coworkers. She starts her experience in Florida then she goes to Maine and finally to Minnesota. Therefore, Nickel and Dimed describes the experiment and the troubles Ehrenreich had to go through while she was a working poor. She particularly accentuates on how humiliated and how ashamed people are of being poor. Shame and humiliation are essential themes of this book are explained and described through different ways such as the fact that poor people are invisible or not respected in their jobs or not able to talk freely, or mistreated by their manager even if they are sick. First of all, the author explains that the poor are invisible and how they feel about it. â€Å"Maids as an occupational group, are not visible, and when we are seen we are often sorry for it† (99). The feeling of invisibility is normally one of the worst feelings that a human being should feel. But according to Ehrenreich, the maids feel relieved when they are not seen. Other people are looking at them as stupid people. They do not fit in the society. In fact, nowadays a person who does not use their brain in their work is not respected by others or by the upper classes. Holly, Ehrenreich’s coworker and friend, describes in chapter two the mean and negative remarks people did to her when they know that she is a maid. She said, â€Å" We’re nothing to these people† (100). Therefore, the poor are invisible in this society where the intellectual skills are valuable. They feel better when they are not noticed because they prefer to avoid the mean remarks from other. But, feeling invisible in their everyday life is a shame. They are human beings who need to be considered by others and integrated in a group to socialize as everyone else. Second of all, readers understand that low-wage workers are not respected in their job and this starts at the hiring process. While Ehrenreich tries to be hired at Wal-Mart in chapter three she explains that she has to go through psychological and drug tests. The first test is not supposed to affect the decision of the managers but in fact it does. Roberta, her coworker â€Å"takes it off to another room where, she says a computer will ‘score it’. After about ten minutes, she’s back with alarming news: I’ve gotten three answers wrong† (240). Corporations start to lie to their employees before hiring them. Low wage people as B. Ehrenreich are not hired because of their quality or personality. The relation between the employees and them is a computer. The corporation does not consider them. Working poor could be compared as animals that pass or fail a test before being bought. Those workers lose their self-esteem because of the lack of consideration they receive in their jobs. It is a perpetual humiliation to feel ignore by everyone. Third of all, Ehrenreich describes how employees are not allowed to talk to the customers. For example, when the author works at Hearthside her manager tells her, â€Å"No chatting for you, girl. No fancy service ethic allowed for the serfs. Chatting with customers is for the good-looking young college-educated servers in the downtown capriccio and ceviche joints, the kids who can make $70-$100 a night† (35). And Ehrenreich explains that she was not also allowed to talk to her coworkers while she was at Wal-Mart of certain subjects. And if she did, she could be fired. But, forbidding people to talk about certain subjects or to discuss with some of their coworkers is a violation of the fundamental rights. In the author’s experiences, readers understand that she has lost her humanity because freedom of speech is one of the fundamental rights that is expressed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that was established in 1945 by the United Nations. Speaking is an advantage of men because we are the only species who can communicate. Losing this advantage makes the person feel like she is not even human anymore. He loses all his self-esteem and feels humiliated. Finally, Ehrenreich shows how the health of people is not respected in the low wage class. While the author works at The Maids we have the perfect description of this kind of humiliation because her manager â€Å" Ted doesn’t have much sympathy for illness, though; one of our morning meeting was on the subject of ‘ working through it’ †(87). He mistreats the author’s friend and coworker, Holly who is pregnant and has to work to survive because she does not have any money. But Ted forces her to work in terrible conditions. Holly cannot take a real lunch break or a few days of vacation to rest even if she is extremely sick and tired because of her pregnancy. And if she takes her break without her manager’s approval she could be fired. She appears like a slave who is forced to do every task her manager assigns her even if Ted does not pay attention to the fact that she is sick. Therefore, Ehrenreich has to stand up and fight for her friend to have the permission to take a day off. But Ted would let a woman works even if he knows that she is about to be taken to the ER. I believe that a person who is sick cannot be forced to fight against her body. Unhealthy people should be helped and not used as slaves. Therefore, this episode underlines how humiliating it is for a sick person to be forced to work. Holly in this episode becomes an animal who has to work even if she is physically unable to. Working poor are not only having money problems they also have to go through humiliation and shame in their everyday life. Trying to modify their social status is almost impossible when we understand how they are treated. They lose their self-esteem and do not trust themselves anymore. Therefore, they will not even try to change jobs. They are stuck in their own conditions. They are not considered as humans in their job. The low-wage workers are unsocialized because of their wages and are mentally destroyed by their managers. Barbara Ehrenreich describes their situation in this book through her own experience to inform the world of their situation. In the 21st century in a country like United States, which is supposed to be the most powerful nation in the world, citizens cannot accept that others are treated like that. Low-wage workers need to be respected.

Professionally written paper

There Is n expectation that the tasks associated with this assignment will reflect a professionally written paper. TOPIC: Many companies in the western world have been using ERP systems for a considerable amount of time and could be considered established and mature users of these systems. It has been suggested that because companies have adopted ERP systems, it would be difficult for them to achieve a competitive advantage through differentiation due to the following aspects: Similar standardized business processes Similar technology, such as SAP, supporting these processes.Discuss how companies can achieve competitive differentiation using their ERP system for the above scenario. Use case studies to support your arguments. Your essay must include: Assignment Cover Page: use the cover sheet provided. Paper's title page: Include the Assignment Title, Student Name & Number, Date & Unit name/code. Introduction: Introduces the topic. States clearly purpose of the paper and a brief descr iption of the paper's structure. Body: Discuss, compare and/or contrast different perspectives, present arguments purporting the purpose of the paper. Conclusion: Summaries the salient points you have made in the body of the paper.References/Bibliography Must be consistent in Harvard style. The footer must include your name, student ID, and page number. A header should include a short version of the title. Submission Your paper must be submitted via the Turning link in Web. Your submission to Turning should only include your paper. Do not include the reference list or title page. Name your file the following way.

Positive Behaviour Essay

Definition Behaviour that tends to satisfy the desires of the respondent is Positive Behaviour . It will become apparent that by this definition some positive behaviour may lead to antisocial (so called â€Å"negative†) responses and hence is not recommended. Furthermore, some behaviour that is itself socially acceptable and apparently positive is not, by this definition, actually positive because it does not tend to satisfy the desires of the respondent. The reverse is also true: some behaviour that is social not acceptable and apparently negative is yet actually positive because its operates to satisfy the desires of the recipient. Illustrations of Positive Behaviour Actions that can be classified under the following headings are customarily called positive: Showing interest Agreeing Making balance criticism Approving Showing affection Co-operating Protecting Praising Understanding Forgiving Although in some ways, the line between positive and negative behaviour exists in the eye of the beholder. Your value system, which stems from your family and cultural background as well as your own life experiences, will determine what you believe to be positive behaviour. Your feelings about yourself and life in general will also colour your perceptions. When adults feel positive about themselves, they are better able to understand and accept children’s behaviour. Positive behaviours are those which help children/venerable person move along toward the goal of becoming well-adjusted, fully functioning adults. In other words, behaviour that is typical of a particular stage of development, that paves the way for the next stage, is positive. Positive behaviour is not, therefore, the same thing as compliance with adult wishes, especially if those adult wishes reflect a lack of knowledge of children’s or venerable person’s development. Some positive behaviour can appear downright negative! Some authors argue that there are predictable times in the lives of all children/venerable person when their behaviour â€Å"falls apart†: when they seem to move backward in development in ways that perplex and dismay their parents and caregivers. These times invariably signal a rapid spurt of physical, cognitive, or socioemotional growth. An example might be the child on the verge of walking, whose frustration at being left behind evokes a sudden change in disposition and screams of rage. We can view these periods, not as crisis points, but rather as â€Å"touch points,† unparalleled opportunities for understanding and supporting development, if we anticipate them positively and avoid becoming locked in power struggles. By studying child/venerable person development and carefully observing the behaviour of many them, you can learn to adjust your expectations so that the behaviour you expect is within the bounds of possibility for children to achieve. By observing the behaviour of a particular child child/venerable person over time, you can begin to understand what particular behaviours mean for that person. You may begin to see how behaviour that seemed irritating to you actually serves a positive function for a child/venerable person. Focusing on positive behaviour places negative behaviour in better perspective and develops a more accurate impression of the whole child/venerable person. It allows you to emphasize strengths and help children overcome weaknesses.  Early childhood educators with heightened awareness of positive behaviours will set the stage so that those behaviours can occur, and will respond in ways that make these acts occur more often. In other words, they will use techniques of indirect and direct guidance. Positive behavioural support According the Department of health, Positive behavioural support (PBS) provides a framework that seeks to understand the context and meaning of behaviour in order to inform the development of supportive environments and skills that can enhance a person’s quality of life. Evidence has shown that PBS-based approaches can enhance quality of life and also reduce behaviours that challenge which in turn can lead to a reduction in the use of restrictive interventions. It is founded on principles that have applicability for a much broader range of people and may use different terminology. PBS provides a conceptual framework which recognises that people may engage in behaviours that are challenging because: †¢ they have challenging or complex needs that are not being met – these could be associated with unusual needs and personal preferences, sensory impairments, or mental or physical health conditions †¢ they are exposed to challenging environments in which behaviours of concern are likely to develop – examples might include environments which are barren and lack stimulation, where there are high levels of demand placed on people, where there may be institutional blanket rules, restricted or unpredictable access to preferred activities and those things the person values and where there is insufficient availability of positive social interactions, or where personal choices are not offered and/or honoured †¢ they typically have a generally impoverished quality of life. PBS approaches comprise a number elements: †¢ Using person-centred, values-based approaches to ensure people are living the best life they possibly can. This involves assisting a person to develop personal relationships, improve their health be more active in their community and to develop personally. When done properly, person centred planning processes make sure that those who support people get to know them as individuals. †¢ Skilled assessment in order to understand probable reasons why a person presents behaviours of concern; what predicts their  occurrence and what factors maintain and sustain them (this area of assessment is often referred to as a functional assessment). This requires consideration of a range of contextual factors including personal constitutional factors, mental and physical health, communication skills and the person’s ability to influence the world around them. Patterns of behaviour provide important data, skilled analysis of which enables key areas of unmet need to be understood. †¢ The use of behaviour support plans which have been informed by an assessment of these factors in order to ensure that aspects of the person’s environment that they find challenging are identified and addressed, that quality of life is enhanced and that wherever possible people are supported to develop alternative strategies by which they can better meet their own needs. These are referred to as primary preventative strategies. †¢ The behaviour support plan must detail the responses such as de-escalation techniques, distraction, diversion and sometimes disengagement to be used by carers/staff when a person starts to become anxious, aroused or distressed. These are referred to as secondary preventative strategies and aim to promote relaxation and avert any further escalation to a crisis. †¢ Behaviour support plans include guidance as to how people should react when a person’s agitation further escalates to a crisis where they place either themselves or others at significant risk of harm. This may include the use of restrictive interventions. Within behaviour support plans these are as identified as tertiary strategies. Any person who can reasonably be predicted to be at risk of being exposed to restrictive interventions must have an individualised behaviour support plan. Care programme approach care plans, personal recovery plans or other personalised approach planning structures may also incorporate behaviour support plans. They must always include clear evidence of health and social needs assessment, and be created with input from the person, their carers, relatives or advocates. This should identify: †¢ The context within which behaviours of concern occur †¢ Clear primary preventative strategies which focus on improvement of quality of life and ensuring that needs are met †¢ Secondary preventative strategies which aim to ensure that early signs of anxiety and agitation are recognised and responded to †¢ Tertiary strategies which may include detail of planned  restrictive interventions to be used in the safest possible manner and which should only be used as an absolute last resort What are the Positive Strategies for Supporting Behavior Improvement? There are many possible contributors to the development of challenging behaviours. It is important to investigate and evaluate these, but also to take action sooner rather than later, since many behaviors can become increasingly intense and harder to change as time goes on. Often a necessary approach to managing behaviour involves a combination of addressing underlying physical or mental health concerns, and using the behavioral and educational supports to teach replacement skills and self-regulation. There is no magic pill, but there are a number of strategies that can often be helpful. The use of Positive Behavior Supports is more than just a politically correct approach to behavior management. Research shows that it is effective. The alternative is usually punishment, which decreases the likelihood of a behavior by taking something away (such as removing a favorite toy) or doing something unpleasant (yelling, spanking.) While punishment might work immediately, it has been shown to be ineffective in the long run and can increase aggressive behavior, provide a model for additional undesirable behaviors, and strain the relationship with the caregiver (you). It is worth noting that to continue to be effective and maintain improvements, positive supports and feedback need to be ongoing as well. â€Å"Withholding reinforcement for problem behavior (i.e., extinction) is technically an example of punishment. Proponents of Positive Behavior Support (PBS) acknowledge that controlling access to reinforcement is necessary when trying to change behavior. What PBS does not condone is the use of aversive (e.g., demeaning, painful) procedures to suppress behavior. Such approaches have been demonstrated to be ineffective in producing durable changes in people’s behavior and do not improve to quality of their lives.† –Association for Positive Behavior Support If you have made changes to improve your child’s health or happiness, and these have not helped to improvehis behaviour in a reasonable time frame (a couple of weeks), or you are concerned about safety, help may be needed. Positive strategies and an intervention plan can be developed by a behavioral or educational team, usually in response to what is learned in a functional behavior assessment  (FBA) as described in the previous section. When several challenging behaviors exist, it is important to establish priorities. You may want to first target behaviors that are particularly dangerous, or skills that would help to improve situations across several behavioural scenarios. Remember to set goals that are realistic and meaningful. Start with small steps that can build over time. A non-verbal child is not likely to speak in full sentences overnight, but if learning to hold up a ‘take a break’ card when he needs to leave the table allows him to exit, and keeps him from throwing his plate, that is a huge success. A plan for our team should meet four essential elements: Clarity: Information about the plan, expectations and procedures are clear to the individual, family, staff and any other team members. Consistency: Team and family members are on the same page with interventions and approaches, and strive to apply the same expectations and rewards. Simplicity: Supports are simple, practical and accessible so that everyone on the team, including the family, can be successful in making it happen. If you don’t understand or cannot manage a complicated proposed behavior intervention plan, speak up! We have to recognize that many skills take time to develop, and that changes in behavior require ongoing supports to be successful. In some cases, especially when you are ignoring a behavior that used to ‘work’ for your child, behavior may get more intense or more frequent before it gets better. Your team should keep good records and track progress and responses to intervention to know if the plan is effective. Being realistic at the outset is crucial. It can help parents and caregivers appreciate that they are making small yet meaningful changes in their lives and the lives of the individual they care for. Making goals realistic means they are achievable. Being realistic keeps the picture positive. It focuses attention on progress towards to a goal, rather than perfection. Setting a real Positive Behaiviour Support Our team should develop strategies for you to use to increase the behaviors you want to see in your child. These will need to be individualized to his  particular needs and challenges. They can often be helpful in building a sense of pride in accomplishments and personal responsibility, and a sense of what is expected. This will reduce the anxiety and reactivity that results in aggression or other behaviors. Some helpful strategies: Celebrate and build strengths and successes: we tell him what he does well and what you like. A sense of competence often fosters interest and motivation. Strive to give positive feedback much more frequently than any correction or negative feedback. ‘Great job putting your dishes in the sink!’ Respect and listen to him: We may have to look for the things he is telling you, verbally or through his choices or actions. ‘You keep sitting on that side of the table. Is the sun in your eyes over here?’ Validate his concerns and emoti ons: Do not brush aside his fears or tell him not to worry. His emotions are very real. Help to give language to what he is feeling. ‘I know you do not like spiders. I can see that you are very afraid right now.’ ‘I can see that you are angry that our plans have changed.’ Provide clear expectations of behavior: Show or tell your child what you expect of him using visual aids, photographs or video models. A great way to teach new skills is Tell-Show-Do. Set him up for success: Provide accommodations. Accept a one word answer instead of demanding a whole sentence. Use a larger plate and offer a spoon to allow him to be neater at the dinner table. Use Velcroshoes or self-tying laces if tying is too frustrating. Ignore the challenging behavior: Do your best to keep the challenging behavior from serving as his way of communicating or winning. This is hard to do, but in the long run it is effective. Do not allow his screams to get him out of brushing his teeth, or his biting to get him the lollipop that he wants. Behaviors may get worse before you start to see them get better. Stay the course! And make sure all family and team members are consistent in this approach and that you pair this with other positive strategies. Alternate tasks: Do something that is fun, motivating or that your child is good at. Then try something hard. He will be less inclined to give up or get agitated if he is already in a positive framework. Teach and interact at your child’s or loved one’s learning level: Take care to set him up for growth and accomplishment, rather than the anxiety produced by constant failure or boredom. Give choices, but within parameters: Everyone needs to be in control of something, even if it is as simple as which  activity comes first. You can still maintain some control in the choices that you offer. ‘Do you want to eat first, or paint first?’ Provide access to breaks: Teach the individual to request a break when he needs to regroup (e.g. use a PECS card that represents â€Å"break†). Be sure to provide the break when he asks so he learns to trust this option and does not have to resort to challenging behaviors. Promote the use of a safe, calm-down place: Teach him to recognize when he needs to go there. This is a positive strategy, not a punishment. Set up reinforcement systems: Use simple, predictable processes that reward your child for desired behavior. Catch him being good and reward that, verbally and with favored activities, objects or ‘payment.’ ‘I love that you stayed with me during our shopping trip. You earned a ride on the airplane toy!’ Allow times and places for him to do what he wants: Even if it is a ‘stim’, it is important to provide these options when it is not an intrusion or annoyance to others. Reward flexibility and self control: ‘I know you wanted to go to the pool today and we were surprised when it was closed. For staying cool and being so flexible about that change in plans, let’s go get some ice cream instead!’ Pick your battles: Strive for balance. Focus on the behaviors and skills that are most essential. Be sure to include positive feedback and intersperse opportunities for success and enjoyment for you, your family, and your loved one with autism. Be resilient. Celebrate the fun and the good things! Use positive/proactive language: Use language that describes what you want the individual to do (e.g. ‘I love how you used a tissue!’ ), and try to avoid saying ‘NO’, or ‘don’t’ (e.g. ‘stop picking your nose.’ ). Setting Realistic Behavioral Goals: Setting goals allows us to objectively measure progress toward an identified desired outcome. It also allows caregivers and parents to ask themselves, â€Å"What behavioral changes would really make the greatest improvements in our lives together?† It allows them to identify what really matters. For instance, it may be more important to address a behavior such as throwing things during a classroom activity than to address that person’s tendency to stand up during meals. Adapt the Environment As you learn to think like a detective about your child’s behaviour, your observations (or the FBA) are likely to show that behaviour occurs at specific times, with certain people or in particular environments. You and your team will need to tune in, learning to recognize the signs of increasing tension, anxiety or frustration that eventually lead to challenging behaviours. Often there is a ramping up, or escalation period, and learning to recognize that early and using many of the approaches here can help to calm a situation and prevent behavioural outbursts. Sometimes these signs may be very subtle—red ears, a tapping foot, heavier breathing, higher pitched speech—but it is essential that everyone on the team responds to the importance of tuning in and working towards de-escalation. Changing the environment can often reduce behavioral episodes. Expand situations, relationships, places and opportunities that are successful. If possible, try to adjust or avoid situations that are triggers for challenging behaviour. Incorporate ways to reduce frustration and anxiety and increase understanding. Below are some things to consider when working to create a more successful environment: Organize and provide structure: Provide clear and consistent visual schedules, calendars, consistent routines, etc. so that the person knows what is coming next. Inform transitions and changes: Recognize that changes can be extremely unsettling, especially when they are unexpected. Refer to a schedule, use countdown timers, give warnings about upcoming changes, etc. we can use Visual Supports: Pictures, text, video modeling and other visuals are best for visual learners, but they are also critical because they provide information that stays. The ATN Visual Supports Tool Kit provides a step-by-step, easy-to-understand introduction to visual supports. Provide a safe place and teach when to use it: A calming room or corner, and/or objects or activities that help to calm (e.g. bean bag) provide opportunities to regroup and can be helpful in teaching self-control. Remove or dampen distracting or disturbing stimuli: Replace flickering fluorescent lights, use headphones to help block noise, avoid high traffic times, etc. Pair companions or staff appropriately for challenging activities or times: Some people are more calming than others in certain situations. If going to the store with dad works better than with  mom, focus on that and celebrate successes. Consider structural changes to your home or yard: These changes might address some of the specifics of your situation to increase independence or reduce the risks when outbursts occur. Making Homes that Work includes a range of potential changes that can be made to reduce property damage, improve safety, and increase choice and independence. Communicate to Others Many families have found it helpful to communicate to those around them about their child’s special needs and some of the behavioral situations that might arise. Sometimes it is helpful to let others know what is going on so that they can also be observers and help provide helpful input about your child. Some families have found it helpful to talk to their neighbours, or to communicate with others in the community using stickers, cards, or other visuals. Parents can carry a note card standing such this one : Positive and Proactive Care: reducing the need for restrictive interventions People with learning disabilities whose behaviour is challenging will have physical interventions used on them at some point in their lives. In the absence of a lawful reason, using force, or threatening to use force, could give rise to a criminal charge, as could locking someone in their room. The Mental Capacity Act defines the unlawfulness, and the appropriate penalties for actions of illtreatment or neglect. A physical intervention in relation to challenging behaviour is described by the British Institute for Learning Disabilities (Harris et al, 1996) as ‘A method of responding to the challenging behaviour of people with learning disability and/or autism which involves some degree of direct physical force which limits or restricts the movement or mobility of the person concerned.’ They define three types of physical intervention direct physical contact between a member of staff and a service user: for example holding a person’s arms and legs to stop them attacking someone the use of barriers such as locked doors to limit freedom of movement: for example placing door catches or bolts beyond the reach of service users materials or equipment that restricts or prevents movement: for example placing splints on a person’s arms to restrict movement. The Department of Health/Department for Education and Skills guidance (2002) outlines the requirements when physical intervention are planned and these include agreement by the multidisciplinary team, including consultation with others as appropriate put in writing, together with the behavioural plan (they should never be the only plan for managing behaviour) be supervised by appropriately trained staff  be recorded, so that the circumstances of any physical intervention and methods used can be monitored. This guidance also emphasises that the physical interventions should be used as infrequently as possible be in the best interests of the service user be part of a broader treatment strategy not cause injury maintain the person’s dignity. And also, The Human Rights Act (HRA)15 imposes a duty on public authorities, (including NHS Trusts, Local Authorities, and police forces) and services exercising functions of a public nature not to act in a manner that is incompatible with the European Convention on Human Rights13 (ECHR) rights that have been made part of UK law by the HRA.

“Antigone” The Protagonists

The widely held view is that Creon and Antigone represent the â€Å"Will of man† and â€Å"Will of God† as opposing forces. I think that there is certainly more, subtle layering to these characters than this simplistic summation. In order to fully understand this one needs to look at both the setting and background as the play unfolds. This adds entirely new dimensions to the confrontations between Antigone and Creon.Antigone is the daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta. Jocasta is also her grandmother, a tale told in Oedipus Rex. Judith Butler states in her book â€Å"Antigones claim: Kinship between Life and Death† that â€Å"Antigone has already departed from kinship, herself the daughter of an incestuous bond, herself devoted to an impossible and death-bent incestuous love of her brother†.Already there is new layer to Antigone. According to modern medical thinking the offspring of incestuous relationships are more likely to be born with either mental or phys ical defects. From what we can establish, Antigone was not physically defective but zealotry is present that perhaps indicates psychosis. Nine out of ten Anthropologists will state that the one constant social norm over the ages was the abhorrence of incestuous relationships. I am however of the opinion that Polynices actually wasn’t the motivating factor but rather Antigone’s desire to be free of her shackles.Creon is the new ruler, brought about by the death of the brothers Eteocles and Polynices. He is also the guardian of Antigone and Ismene as appointed by Oedipus upon his death. Add to this that he is also Antigone’s future father-in-law. He felt the need to flex his ‘muscle’ in order to immediately solidify his position. One wonders though why there was no feeling of kinship between himself and Antigone considering the intertwining of heir lives?One imagines the setting of the opening of the play. The sisters are still reeling from the death of their brothers.The first eight lines conjure up a feeling that Antigone bears a lot of general resentment. Line 2 ‘Is there, of all the ills of Oedipus,’ indicates the long-suffering nature of their lives.Interesting to note here that she seems to attach no mortal blame but assigns it the Gods as example of their wrath or disapproval. Polytheism meant to the Greeks that there was a constellation of Gods watching them and to whom they were directly responsible. Line 8 ‘ Our ruler has enjoined on all the state’, she does not refer to him by name but rather scornfully as an entity. We already get the sense that she is less than enamored of him.Having not persuaded Ismene to join her in burying Polynices, Antigone rejects her and sets off to do it herself. Whether she means to be caught right away or if she was planning to step forward and defy Creon openly, the intent was certainly the same. SheWanted that opportunity to stand before him and challenge his a uthority.Their first confrontation takes place when she is discovered by the guards to be burying Polynices and then is brought before Creon. He does give her a chance to either redeem herself by saying that she knew not about the edict or that she did not understand in line 488 ‘Didst thou not know the edicts which forbade the things thou ownest?’She replies in an almost belligerent manner that perhaps indicates that she was ready for this moment, almost relishing the prospect of the confrontation. He asks her how dare she disobey the law and she responds with the line ‘Yes, it was not Zeus that made the proclamation’.Her subsequent response covers various aspects such as the supremacy of God’s law, ‘unwritten and secure’, and then she says that she welcomes death because she has lived amongst great troubles. The tone of her speech is fierce and unyielding and evinces disapproval from the chorus who supposedly represent the society they live in. Creon is enraged and states that her boasting of the deed is another offence in itself.Creon’s response to this is that ‘he will never be mastered by a woman’ and in his rage summons Ismene because he is convinced that Antigone could not have done it alone.The confrontation degenerates to a more personal level where Antigone accuses Creon of being a tyrant, which he counters with the statement that only she believes so. She then counters this with the charge that his tyranny keeps the others in fear of speaking their minds. Creon bitterly attacks Antigone and defends his manhood: line 577 â€Å"Go then to the world below, yourself, if you/ must love. Love them. When I am alive no woman shall rule†.In her argument with Creon, Antigone also shows more of her morbid longing for death, saying that for one who has lived as she has, death is welcome. This does not speak of an exceptionally strong person but of one that has found a purpose and now will fight until this is done. She wants to escape her life but she obviously did not want to slip into obscurity so she chose the most inflammatory and quick way of doing so. She also provided herself with a scapegoat for all her resentments.A cynical view perhaps but a more realistic one if we are to view Antigone as a whole person. As with any normal person our resentments are expressed in many ways, Antigone spoke of the injustice of the society she lived, the injustice of the deaths of her family and the final indignity of not even being allowed to bury a brother.Ismene is led in and Creon accuses her of helping Antigone bury Polynices. She does try to take some of the blame but Antigone is not having any of it. Aside from not wanting her glory to be shared she does not actually want her sister to die. This shows the first real feeling she has towards anyone else. Ismene’s innocence becomes clear although she is still trying to share blame. She turns to Creon and asks him if he is really willing to kill his son’s wife-to-be, and Creon replies that he wants no bad wife for his child. Haemon can find another bride.Haemon enters and at first, seems willing to submit to his father’s will. I think that perhaps he thought that he could win his father over gently without loss of face on his father’s part. Creon however is now in the part of tyrant and talks about the importance of having loyal sons, the foolishness of taking an evil wife, the relationship between being a good patriarch and a good ruler, the inviolability of law, the horror of disobedience to law and the need for order and discipline. All the signs of a good autocrat.Haemon tells Creon that the people of Thebes are sympathizing with Antigone. He tries to put this forward as having Creons best interests at heart then suggesting that Antigone should be honored. Creon of course is now furious, not only is he being challenged by a woman but now by his own son.He asks if his you ng son should advise a man Creons age, and if the King should reward a wicked rebel. Haemon replies that the people of thebes do not think she is wicked. Creon responds imperiously in line 794 ‘Should the city tell me how I am to rule them?’Their argument becomes more heated and Haemon accuses his father of foolishness and Creon defends his rule imperiously. It gets to the stage where Creon orders that Antigone be brought out and killed in front of Haemon. Haemon says that she will not die by his side and that Creon will never see him again. Creon is at his most barbaric at this time, his love of order and state carried to an immoral extreme. He tries to use Antigones death to hurt his own son, abusing his authority for the sake of gratuitous cruelty.   

Peer Reviewed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Peer Reviewed - Essay Example an be used in credentialing organizations, ensuring quality health care and how it helps nurses acquire jobs in organizations such as Cancer Treatment Centers of America. When in the world of research, many articles are written and the way that they are clarified is through peer review. This is the process by which people of similar understanding in the same field evaluate the work done by their colleague before it is published. This is a form of self-regulation of research and studies in designated fields to maintain standards of quality, increase performance and grant credibility within the said field. Once the peer review process is complete, the reviewed material is then published or deemed worthy of teaching, presenting or enacting. This paper will thus look at the peer review process implemented at the Cancer Treatment Centers of America, compare it with that at American Academy of Nurse, and suggest improvements or changes. It will also identify the ways in which the process is used in the credentialing organizations, ensuring quality and improve advances in practice. To begin with, we will look at the Cancer Treatment Center of America. The Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) are a private for-profit institution that builds hospitals that are dedicated to the treatment of cancer and provides outpatient clinics in which patients can receive both traditional and complimentary alternative medicine treatments (Kent, 2014). With a head office in Schaumburg, Illinois, it has five fully-fledged hospitals around the United States in Illinois, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Arizona, and Georgia. It also has an outpatient oncology clinic located in Seattle, Washington. Having been founded by Richard J Stephenson in the late 1980s after losing his mother to cancer, the organization has been helping patients fight cancer using advanced technology and a personalized approach offering comprehensive cancer care in all its hospitals. Being an organization that is